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1   package org.djunits.quantity;
2   
3   import org.djunits.quantity.def.Quantity;
4   import org.djunits.unit.AbstractUnit;
5   import org.djunits.unit.UnitRuntimeException;
6   import org.djunits.unit.Unitless;
7   import org.djunits.unit.Units;
8   import org.djunits.unit.scale.LinearScale;
9   import org.djunits.unit.scale.Scale;
10  import org.djunits.unit.si.SIUnit;
11  import org.djunits.unit.system.UnitSystem;
12  
13  /**
14   * Duration is the interval of time between two events, measured in seconds (s). This quantity encodes a <i>relative</i> amount
15   * of time. The Time quantity encodes an absolute time instant.
16   * <p>
17   * Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, the Netherlands. All rights reserved. See
18   * for project information <a href="https://djunits.org" target="_blank">https://djunits.org</a>. The DJUNITS project is
19   * distributed under a <a href="https://djunits.org/docs/license.html" target="_blank">three-clause BSD-style license</a>.
20   * @author Alexander Verbraeck
21   */
22  
23  public class Duration extends Quantity<Duration, Duration.Unit>
24  {
25      /** Constant with value zero. */
26      public static final Duration ZERO = Duration.ofSi(0.0);
27  
28      /** Constant with value one. */
29      public static final Duration ONE = Duration.ofSi(1.0);
30  
31      /** Constant with value NaN. */
32      @SuppressWarnings("checkstyle:constantname")
33      public static final Duration NaN = Duration.ofSi(Double.NaN);
34  
35      /** Constant with value POSITIVE_INFINITY. */
36      public static final Duration POSITIVE_INFINITY = Duration.ofSi(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
37  
38      /** Constant with value NEGATIVE_INFINITY. */
39      public static final Duration NEGATIVE_INFINITY = Duration.ofSi(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
40  
41      /** Constant with value MAX_VALUE. */
42      public static final Duration POS_MAXVALUE = Duration.ofSi(Double.MAX_VALUE);
43  
44      /** Constant with value -MAX_VALUE. */
45      public static final Duration NEG_MAXVALUE = Duration.ofSi(-Double.MAX_VALUE);
46  
47      /** */
48      private static final long serialVersionUID = 600L;
49  
50      /**
51       * Instantiate a Duration quantity with a unit.
52       * @param value the value, expressed in the unit
53       * @param unit the unit in which the value is expressed
54       */
55      public Duration(final double value, final Duration.Unit unit)
56      {
57          super(value, unit);
58      }
59  
60      /**
61       * Instantiate a Duration quantity with a unit, expressed as a String.
62       * @param value the value, expressed in the unit
63       * @param abbreviation the String abbreviation of the unit in which the value is expressed
64       */
65      public Duration(final double value, final String abbreviation)
66      {
67          this(value, Units.resolve(Duration.Unit.class, abbreviation));
68      }
69  
70      /**
71       * Construct Duration quantity.
72       * @param value Scalar from which to construct this instance
73       */
74      public Duration(final Duration value)
75      {
76          super(value.si(), Duration.Unit.SI);
77          setDisplayUnit(value.getDisplayUnit());
78      }
79  
80      /**
81       * Return a Duration instance based on an SI value.
82       * @param si the si value
83       * @return the Duration instance based on an SI value
84       */
85      public static Duration ofSi(final double si)
86      {
87          return new Duration(si, Duration.Unit.SI);
88      }
89  
90      @Override
91      public Duration instantiate(final double si)
92      {
93          return ofSi(si);
94      }
95  
96      @Override
97      public SIUnit siUnit()
98      {
99          return Duration.Unit.SI_UNIT;
100     }
101 
102     /**
103      * Returns a Duration representation of a textual representation of a value with a unit. The String representation that can
104      * be parsed is the double value in the unit, followed by a localized or English abbreviation of the unit. Spaces are
105      * allowed, but not required, between the value and the unit.
106      * @param text the textual representation to parse into a Duration
107      * @return the Scalar representation of the value in its unit
108      * @throws IllegalArgumentException when the text cannot be parsed
109      * @throws NullPointerException when the text argument is null
110      */
111     public static Duration valueOf(final String text)
112     {
113         return Quantity.valueOf(text, ZERO);
114     }
115 
116     /**
117      * Returns a Duration based on a value and the textual representation of the unit, which can be localized.
118      * @param value the value to use
119      * @param unitString the textual representation of the unit
120      * @return the Scalar representation of the value in its unit
121      * @throws IllegalArgumentException when the unit cannot be parsed or is incorrect
122      * @throws NullPointerException when the unitString argument is null
123      */
124     public static Duration of(final double value, final String unitString)
125     {
126         return Quantity.of(value, unitString, ZERO);
127     }
128 
129     /**
130      * Add an (absolute) time to this duration, and return a time. The unit of the return value will be the unit of this
131      * duration, and the reference of the return value will be the reference belonging to the given time. <code>R.add(A)</code>
132      * = unit of R and reference value of A.
133      * @param time the absolute time to add
134      * @return the absolute time plus this duration
135      */
136     public final Time add(final Time time)
137     {
138         return time.add(this).setDisplayUnit(getDisplayUnit());
139     }
140 
141     /**
142      * Calculate the division of Duration and Duration, which results in a Dimensionless quantity.
143      * @param v quantity
144      * @return quantity as a division of Duration and Duration
145      */
146     public final Dimensionless divide(final Duration v)
147     {
148         return new Dimensionless(this.si() / v.si(), Unitless.BASE);
149     }
150 
151     /**
152      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and ElectricCurrent, which results in a ElectricCharge scalar.
153      * @param v scalar
154      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and ElectricCurrent
155      */
156     public final ElectricCharge multiply(final ElectricCurrent v)
157     {
158         return new ElectricCharge(this.si() * v.si(), ElectricCharge.Unit.SI);
159     }
160 
161     /**
162      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and FlowMass, which results in a Mass scalar.
163      * @param v scalar
164      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and FlowMass
165      */
166     public final Mass multiply(final FlowMass v)
167     {
168         return new Mass(this.si() * v.si(), Mass.Unit.SI);
169     }
170 
171     /**
172      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and FlowVolume, which results in a Volume scalar.
173      * @param v scalar
174      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and FlowVolume
175      */
176     public final Volume multiply(final FlowVolume v)
177     {
178         return new Volume(this.si() * v.si(), Volume.Unit.SI);
179     }
180 
181     /**
182      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and Acceleration, which results in a Speed scalar.
183      * @param v scalar
184      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and Acceleration
185      */
186     public final Speed multiply(final Acceleration v)
187     {
188         return new Speed(this.si() * v.si(), Speed.Unit.SI);
189     }
190 
191     /**
192      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and Power, which results in a Energy scalar.
193      * @param v scalar
194      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and Power
195      */
196     public final Energy multiply(final Power v)
197     {
198         return new Energy(this.si() * v.si(), Energy.Unit.SI);
199     }
200 
201     /**
202      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and Speed, which results in a Length scalar.
203      * @param v scalar
204      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and Speed
205      */
206     public final Length multiply(final Speed v)
207     {
208         return new Length(this.si() * v.si(), Length.Unit.SI);
209     }
210 
211     /**
212      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and ElectricPotential, which results in a MagneticFlux scalar.
213      * @param v scalar
214      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and ElectricPotential
215      */
216     public final MagneticFlux multiply(final ElectricPotential v)
217     {
218         return new MagneticFlux(this.si() * v.si(), MagneticFlux.Unit.SI);
219     }
220 
221     /**
222      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and ElectricalResistance, which results in a ElectricalInductance scalar.
223      * @param v scalar
224      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and ElectricalResistance
225      */
226     public final ElectricalInductance multiply(final ElectricalResistance v)
227     {
228         return new ElectricalInductance(this.si() * v.si(), ElectricalInductance.Unit.SI);
229     }
230 
231     /**
232      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and ElectricalConductance, which results in a ElectricalCapacitance scalar.
233      * @param v scalar
234      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and ElectricalConductance
235      */
236     public final ElectricalCapacitance multiply(final ElectricalConductance v)
237     {
238         return new ElectricalCapacitance(this.si() * v.si(), ElectricalCapacitance.Unit.SI);
239     }
240 
241     /**
242      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and AngularVelocity, which results in a Angle scalar.
243      * @param v scalar
244      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and AngularVelocity
245      */
246     public final Angle multiply(final AngularVelocity v)
247     {
248         return new Angle(this.si() * v.si(), Angle.Unit.SI);
249     }
250 
251     /**
252      * Calculate the multiplication of Duration and AngularAcceleration, which results in a AngularVelocity scalar.
253      * @param v scalar
254      * @return scalar as a multiplication of Duration and AngularAcceleration
255      */
256     public final AngularVelocity multiply(final AngularAcceleration v)
257     {
258         return new AngularVelocity(this.si() * v.si(), AngularVelocity.Unit.SI);
259     }
260 
261     @Override
262     public Frequency reciprocal()
263     {
264         return Frequency.ofSi(1.0 / this.si());
265     }
266 
267     /******************************************************************************************************/
268     /********************************************** UNIT CLASS ********************************************/
269     /******************************************************************************************************/
270 
271     /**
272      * Duration.Unit encodes the units of relative time.
273      * <p>
274      * Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, the Netherlands. All rights reserved.
275      * See for project information <a href="https://djunits.org" target="_blank">https://djunits.org</a>. The DJUNITS project is
276      * distributed under a <a href="https://djunits.org/docs/license.html" target="_blank">three-clause BSD-style license</a>.
277      * @author Alexander Verbraeck
278      */
279     @SuppressWarnings("checkstyle:constantname")
280     public static class Unit extends AbstractUnit<Duration.Unit, Duration>
281     {
282         /** The dimensions of duration: s. */
283         public static final SIUnit SI_UNIT = SIUnit.of("s");
284 
285         /** second. */
286         public static final Duration.Unit s = new Duration.Unit("s", "second", 1.0, UnitSystem.SI_BASE);
287 
288         /** The SI or BASE unit. */
289         public static final Duration.Unit SI = s.generateSiPrefixes(false, false);
290 
291         /** picosecond. */
292         public static final Duration.Unit ps = Units.resolve(Duration.Unit.class, "ps");
293 
294         /** nanosecond. */
295         public static final Duration.Unit ns = Units.resolve(Duration.Unit.class, "ns");
296 
297         /** microsecond. */
298         public static final Duration.Unit mus = Units.resolve(Duration.Unit.class, "mus");
299 
300         /** millisecond. */
301         public static final Duration.Unit ms = Units.resolve(Duration.Unit.class, "ms");
302 
303         /** minute. */
304         public static final Duration.Unit min = s.deriveUnit("min", "minute", 60.0, UnitSystem.SI_ACCEPTED);
305 
306         /** hour. */
307         public static final Duration.Unit h = min.deriveUnit("h", "hour", 60.0, UnitSystem.SI_ACCEPTED);
308 
309         /** day. */
310         public static final Duration.Unit day = h.deriveUnit("day", "day", 24.0, UnitSystem.OTHER);
311 
312         /** week. */
313         public static final Duration.Unit wk = day.deriveUnit("wk", "week", 7.0, UnitSystem.OTHER);
314 
315         /**
316          * Create a new Duration unit.
317          * @param id the id or main abbreviation of the unit
318          * @param name the full name of the unit
319          * @param scaleFactorToBaseUnit the scale factor of the unit to convert it TO the base (SI) unit
320          * @param unitSystem the unit system such as SI or IMPERIAL
321          */
322         public Unit(final String id, final String name, final double scaleFactorToBaseUnit, final UnitSystem unitSystem)
323         {
324             super(id, name, new LinearScale(scaleFactorToBaseUnit), unitSystem);
325         }
326 
327         /**
328          * Return a derived unit for this unit, with textual abbreviation(s) and a display abbreviation.
329          * @param textualAbbreviation the textual abbreviation of the unit, which doubles as the id
330          * @param displayAbbreviation the display abbreviation of the unit
331          * @param name the full name of the unit
332          * @param scale the scale to use to convert between this unit and the standard (e.g., SI, BASE) unit
333          * @param unitSystem unit system, e.g. SI or Imperial
334          */
335         public Unit(final String textualAbbreviation, final String displayAbbreviation, final String name, final Scale scale,
336                 final UnitSystem unitSystem)
337         {
338             super(textualAbbreviation, displayAbbreviation, name, scale, unitSystem);
339         }
340 
341         @Override
342         public SIUnit siUnit()
343         {
344             return SI_UNIT;
345         }
346 
347         @Override
348         public Unit getBaseUnit()
349         {
350             return SI;
351         }
352 
353         @Override
354         public Duration ofSi(final double si)
355         {
356             return Duration.ofSi(si);
357         }
358 
359         @Override
360         public Unit deriveUnit(final String textualAbbreviation, final String displayAbbreviation, final String name,
361                 final double scaleFactor, final UnitSystem unitSystem)
362         {
363             if (getScale() instanceof LinearScale ls)
364             {
365                 return new Duration.Unit(textualAbbreviation, displayAbbreviation, name,
366                         new LinearScale(ls.getScaleFactorToBaseUnit() * scaleFactor), unitSystem);
367             }
368             throw new UnitRuntimeException("Only possible to derive a unit from a unit with a linear scale");
369         }
370 
371     }
372 }